Hubungan Antara Sleep Quality dan Psychological Well-Being pada Individu yang Mengikuti Latihan Pilates di Kota Jambi

Vyona Fitri Subroto; Nurul Hafizah; Hanna Widya Gultom

doi:10.59059/mutiara.v4i5.3332

Authors

Vyona Fitri Subroto Universitas Jambi
Nurul Hafizah Universitas Jambi
Hanna Widya Gultom Universitas Jambi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59059/mutiara.v4i5.3332

Keywords:

Mind-Body-Based Pilates Exercise, Physical Activity and Mental Health, Productive-Age Individuals, Psychological Well-Being, Sleep Quality

Abstract

Physical activity in the modern era has now been widely integrated as one of the crucial strategies for maintaining the mental health of urban communities in Indonesia. One form of exercise that is currently in high demand is mind-body-based Pilates, which is experiencing rapid development and is highly popular in Jambi City, involving 111 active participants across three main studios. This study aims to examine and analyze the relationship between sleep quality and psychological well-being in individuals who routinely participate in Pilates training in Jambi City. Using a correlational quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design, this study involved 110 productive-age respondents (18–50 years old) selected through a purposive sampling technique at the three main Pilates studios. Data measurement instruments included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the short version of Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale, consisting of 18 items. Descriptive analysis showed that the majority of respondents had sleep quality in the good category (74.5%) and psychological well-being in the moderate category (72.7%). Statistical analysis using the Spearman’s Rho correlation test revealed a correlation coefficient value of -0.389. This empirical finding proves a significant negative relationship in the weak category, meaning that lower levels of nighttime sleep disturbance are associated with increased levels of respondents' psychological well-being. Consequently, the results of this study suggest that fitness studio managers should implement a more humanistic, supportive, and psychoeducation-based service approach to comprehensively support members' mental health stability and recovery.

References

Alnawwar, M. A., Alraddadi, M. I., Algethmi, R. A., Salem, G. A., Salem, M. A., & Alharbi, A. A. (2023). The effect of physical activity on sleep quality and sleep disorder: A systematic review. Cureus, 15(8), e43595. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.43595

Amelia, V. F., & Khoiryasdien, A. D. (2024). Sleep quality reviewed from psychological well-being in final students. Prosiding University Research Colloquium, 19, 191–198.

Amzajerdi, A., Keshavarz, M., Ezati, M., & Sarvi, F. (2023). The effect of Pilates exercises on sleep quality and fatigue among female students dormitory residents. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 15(1), 67. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-023-00675-7

Azhari, F., & Mulyani, I. (2025). Peran stres kerja dalam menjelaskan kualitas tidur karyawan Gen Z. JIIP (Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan), 8(3), 3257–3262. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v8i3.7427

Bayu Argaheni, N., & Wahyuntari, E. (2021). Sistematik review: Pengaruh Pilates terhadap kualitas tidur pada ibu. Midwiferia, 7(1), 89–98. https://doi.org/10.21070/midwiferia.v7i1.908

Chen, P., Gu, Y., Shakila Mazalan, N., Koh, D., Du, W., & Luo, Y. (2025). Effects of mind-body exercise intervention on anxiety among women: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1652882. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1652882

Curi, V. S., Vilaça, J., Haas, A. N., & Fernandes, H. M. (2018). Effects of 16-weeks of Pilates on health perception and sleep quality among elderly women. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 74, 118–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2017.10.012

Dregney, T. M., Thul, C., Linde, J. A., & Lewis, B. A. (2025). The impact of physical activity variety on physical activity participation. PLOS ONE, 20(5), e0323195. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323195

Eather, N., Wade, L., Pankowiak, A., & Eime, R. (2023). The impact of sports participation on mental health and social outcomes in adults: A systematic review and the ‘Mental Health through Sport’ conceptual model. Systematic Reviews, 12(1), 102. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-023-02264-8

Elvariani, M. D. P., Putri, R. I. A., Setiawati, E., & Muhartomo, H. (2021). The effect of Mat Pilates exercise on sleep quality of obese young adults. Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal), 10(3), 219–223.

Fitria, A., Nuari, I., Thaheransyah, & Maiseptian, F. (2026). Pengaruh aktivitas fisik terhadap psychological well-being pada lansia perspektif bimbingan dan konseling. Menara Ilmu: Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Ilmiah, 20(1), 79–87.

Guidotti, S., Fiduccia, A., Morisi, G., & Pruneti, C. (2025). Benefits of Pilates on depression, anxiety, and stress: An observational study comparing people practicing Pilates to non-active controls. Healthcare, 13(7), 772. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13070772

Hsu, T. L., & Barrett, A. E. (2020). The association between marital status and psychological well-being: Variation across negative and positive dimensions. Journal of Family Issues, 41(11), 2179–2202.

Hudzaifah, M., & Putrikita, K. A. (2024). Self-compassion and stress in early adulthood. Proceeding International Conference on Psychology, 2(1), 125–141.

Humaidah, A., & Mulyono, R. (2025). Adaptasi Psychological Well-Being Short Scale pada mahasiswa. Edukatif: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(1), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v7i1.7990

Jeri, M., Swardiman, & Ngasu, K. E. (2025). Hubungan kualitas tidur dengan kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa Gen Z di Universitas Yatsi Madani. Jurnal Dunia Ilmu Kesehatan, 3(2), 53–58. https://doi.org/10.59435/jurdikes.v3i2.553

Kim, S. K., Shim, J. L., & Han, G. S. (2019). The effect of mind-body exercise on sustainable psychological well-being focusing on Pilates. Sustainability, 11(7), 1977. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11071977

Kim, S., Jeong, Y., & Jung, Y. (2025). Unveiling the power of social influence: How functional, emotional, and social values drive Pilates participation through an extended TPB model. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1453874. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1453874

Legnani, F., Altamura, A. C., & Dell'Osso, B. (2025). Efficacy of Pilates on mental health and mood conditions: A systematic review. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 40(1), 53–61.

Lim, E. J., & Hyun, E. J. (2021). The impacts of Pilates and yoga on health-promoting behaviors and subjective health status. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 3802. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073802

Lontoh, S. O. (2023). Hubungan kebiasaan olahraga dengan kualitas tidur pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tarumanagara. Jurnal Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Tarumanagara, 2(1), 48–52.

Mahmoud, N. F., Alghamdi, L., Almuaither, T., Alqabani, R., Alabdulathim, D., Alotaibi, M., Almuwais, A., & Atya, A. M. (2026). Association between psychological well-being, sleep quality, and academic performance among physical therapy students. Frontiers in Medicine, 13, 1704952. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1704952

Marsilla, H. (2026). Pengaruh kualitas dan durasi tidur terhadap regulasi emosi pada mahasiswa. Maliki Interdisciplinary Journal (MIJ), 4(2), 945–949.

Özdenk, S., & İmamoğlu, M. (2019). The effects of Pilates, step and Zumba exercises on self-esteem, happiness and communication skill levels. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 5(2), 369–373.

Parveen, A., Kalra, S., & Jain, S. (2023). Effects of Pilates on health and well-being of women: A systematic review. Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy, 28(1), 23–31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43161-023-00128-9

Periantalo, J. (2019). Penelitian kuantitatif untuk psikologi. Pustaka Belajar.

Pradhan, N., Ojha, S. P., Shakya, S., & Pradhan, P. M. (2025). Psychological well-being and quality of sleep among health care professionals at tertiary care hospital. Journal of Institute of Medicine Nepal, 47(3), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.59779/jiomnepal.1461

Putri, A. O. C., Wirawan, H., Rafsanjani, M. A., & Yahya, R. T. (2023). Pentingnya motivasi berolahraga dan kesehatan mental bagi mahasiswa. Pubmedia Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga, 1(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.47134/jpo.v1i2.286

Rahim, B. (2025). Metodologi penelitian untuk psikologi. Yayasan Putra Adi Dharma.

Ross, H. O., Nugraha, E. P., & Akhnaf, A. F. (2023). Aktivitas fisik dan kesejahteraan psikologis pada populasi dewasa selama masa pandemi Covid-19: A systematic review. Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni, 7(2), 507–522. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmishumsen.v7i2.13063

Saharani, A. C., & Istianna, N. (2025). Hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan kualitas tidur pada dewasa awal di Desa Gaden. Cohesin: The 4th Conference of Health and Social Humaniora, 4(1), 262–269.

Saputri, D. S., Amelia, V. L., Riyaningrum, W., & Angelia, N. (2025). Hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan kesejahteraan psikologis pada keluarga dengan lansia. Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan, 19(5), 976–986. https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v19i5.556

Sari, A. W. (2022). Pengaruh stres kerja terhadap kesejahteraan psikologis: Dukungan sosial sebagai variabel intervening. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 10(2), 597–606.

Sastra, E. A. G., Yusuf, I. F., & Paskaria, C. (2026). Pengaruh latihan Pilates terhadap kualitas tidur wanita usia produktif. Sound of Health Journal, 2(1), 10–15.

Setyowati, A., & Chung, M. H. (2021). Validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in adolescents. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 27(5), e12856. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12856

Sulaeman, M. R., & Kustimah. (2024). Hubungan perceived social support dengan psychological well-being pada ibu bekerja. Jurnal Psikologi Sains & Profesi, 8(1), 52–65. https://doi.org/10.24198/jpsp.v8i1.53033

Sunardy, G. N., Qodariah, L., & Abidin, F. A. (2023). Adolescents' psychological well-being: Adaptation and validation of the Brief Scale of Psychological Well-Being for Adolescents (BSPWB-A) in Indonesia. Psychology Hub, 40(3), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.13133/2724-2943/18019

Supradewi, R. (2023). Olahraga dan kesejahteraan psikologis. Prosepsi: Prosiding Seminar Psikologi, 1(1), 45–52.

Tamara, F. E. (2024). Keterkaitan antara kualitas tidur dan regulasi emosional. Tugas Mahasiswa Psikologi, 1(1), 12–19.

Tamara, M. N., Nadjamuddin, L., & Fakhri, N. (2024). Peran durasi tidur dalam meningkatkan psychological well-being individu dewasa awal. Journal of Health, Education and Literacy, 6(2), 109–116.

Vera-Saura, P., Agudo-Pavón, J., Velázquez-Torres, D. M., Martín-Alemán, M., León-Morillas, F., Infante-Guedes, A., & Cruz-Díaz, D. (2024). The importance of mind-body in Pilates method in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(16), 4731. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13164731

Wang, H., Xin, X., & Pan, Y. (2025). The best approaches and doses of exercise for improving sleep quality: A network meta-analysis and dose-response relationship study. BMC Public Health, 25, 1371. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-22570-1

Winarni, L. M., Arabela, S., Pratiwi, A., & Kusumastuti, N. A. (2024). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesejahteraan psikologis pada ibu rumah tangga di Tangerang tahun 2023. Binawan Student Journal, 6(2), 88–95. https://doi.org/10.54771/7xh6y661

Winurini, S. (2020). Workplace well-being dan psychological capital pegawai negeri sipil di Pemerintah Kota Yogyakarta. Jurnal Kajian, 24(4), 251–266.

Yang, J. H., Jung, S., Yang, H., Choi, C., & Bum, C. H. (2025). A comparative analysis of stress relief, life satisfaction, and quality of life based on marriage status and gender among members of society participating in exercise. Behavioral Sciences, 15(4), 453. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040453

Ye, J., Jia, X., Zhang, J., & Guo, K. (2022). Effect of physical exercise on sleep quality of college students: Chain intermediary effect of mindfulness and ruminative thinking. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 987537. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.987537