Pengaruh Budaya Etnis Batak Toba dan Efikasi Diri terhadap Perilaku Wirausaha

Studi pada Wirausaha Ulos Batak di Kota Medan

Abstract

This study aims to analyze how Toba Batak culture and self-efficacy influence entrepreneurial behavior among Batak Ulos entrepreneurs in Medan. Batak Ulos holds a very high cultural value in Batak society, not only as a traditional cloth, but also as a symbol of identity and honor. In this context, Toba Batak culture, which emphasizes values such as hard work (hamoraon), honor (hasangapon), and strength (sahala), has a strong influence in shaping entrepreneurial character among the Batak community. These values teach the importance of perseverance, respect for family and community, and the ability to overcome various challenges in the business world. The Theory of Planned Behavior is used as the basis for this study, which emphasizes that a person's intentions and actions are influenced by beliefs, social norms, and perceptions of self-control. In this case, self-efficacy, which refers to an individual's belief in their ability to achieve goals, is an important factor in increasing motivation and success in entrepreneurship. This study uses a quantitative approach with data collection through distributing questionnaires to 122 Ulos entrepreneurs. The analysis shows that both Toba Batak ethnic culture and self-efficacy have a significant influence on entrepreneurial behavior. These findings provide an important contribution to understanding how local culture and self-efficacy can encourage the sustainability of tradition-based businesses and increase community participation in running small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that uphold traditional cultural values. Therefore, the results of this study are not only beneficial for the development of the local entrepreneurial sector but also provide deeper insight into the relationship between ethnic culture and self-efficacy in supporting the success of tradition-based entrepreneurs.